If you encounter an error "ORA-39700: database must be opened with UPGRADE option" you probably have a database instance which hasn't yet been converted. That is to say, you have more than one instance running on the same database but the instance you want to start hasn't yet been converted to the correct version. This can happen when you restore an old backup to your database server. The steps needed to complete this are very simple:
1. make sure your ORACLE_SID points to the instance you want to convert
2. start sqlplus / nolog
3. connect / as sysdba
3. use "startup upgrade" to boot the instance in resticted upgrade mode
4. run "catupgrd.sql" stored in "$ORACLE_HOME/rdbms/admin"
5. shutdown the instance "shutdown immediate"
6. restart "startup"
7. finally run "utlrp.sql" to compile any invalid objects
... and that should be it!
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